By Dr Dunia Ismail Consultant Paediatrician – Endocrinology and Diabetes
It is very common for teenage girls to have periods that are irregular, heavy, painful or unpredictable. This can feel worrying for both young people and their families, but in most cases it is part of normal development.
During the first few years after periods begin, the body is still learning how to balance the hormones that control the menstrual cycle. Because of this, periods may not follow a regular pattern straight away.
What is normal when periods first start
In the early years, many teenagers experience changes such as long gaps between periods, two periods close together, light or heavy bleeding, or periods that last longer than expected. Cycles often take two to three years to become more regular.
However, it is a good idea to seek medical advice if periods are more than about six weeks apart, if there are fewer than eight periods in a year, if periods stop for more than three months, or if bleeding is very heavy or extremely painful.
Why periods can be irregular
Irregular periods during adolescence are often linked to normal hormonal changes. Other factors can also influence the menstrual cycle, including stress, exams, changes in weight, intense sports training, illness or family patterns.
Hormones are produced by glands in the body and together form what is called the endocrine system. These hormones control growth, puberty, energy levels and menstrual cycles. When hormone levels are still adjusting, periods can become irregular or uncomfortable.
Sometimes irregular periods may be linked to a hormonal condition called Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, commonly known as PCOS. This condition can cause infrequent periods, acne, increased hair growth or weight changes. PCOS is treatable and can be assessed by a specialist if needed.
Heavy or painful periods
Some teenagers experience periods that are particularly heavy or painful. This may include bleeding that lasts more than a week, strong cramps, or feeling tired or dizzy during a period.
If periods are affecting school, sports or everyday activities, it is helpful to speak to a healthcare professional. In some cases, heavy periods may be linked to low iron levels or hormonal imbalance.
When to seek advice
You may wish to seek medical advice if periods have not started by age fifteen, cycles are very irregular, bleeding is very heavy or painful, or periods stop for several months.
A doctor can assess whether this is part of normal development or if further support would be helpful.
Support from Paediatric Diagnostics
At Paediatric Diagnostics we support young people with concerns about periods, puberty and hormone health. Our paediatric endocrinology specialists provide gentle, expert assessment and guidance tailored to teenagers.
Many young people simply need reassurance, while others benefit from further evaluation or follow up care.
If you are concerned about your child’s periods or hormonal health, our team is here to help.
Please click here to learn more about Dr Dunia Ismail.
Visit Dr Dunia Ismail’s website: https://www.kidsendocrinology.com